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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>Utilizar comodines en fórmulas</title>
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  <a id="bm_id3152149"></a>    <meta itemprop="keywords" content="comodines en fórmulas">
<meta itemprop="keywords" content="comodines,ejemplos">
  <h1 id="hd_id941629155075179" dir="auto">
<a id="wildcards_h1"></a>Utilizar comodines en fórmulas</h1>
  <p id="par_id571629155308959" class="paragraph" dir="auto">Wildcards are special characters that can be used in search strings that are passed as arguments to some Calc functions. They can also be used to define search criteria in the <span class="emph">Find &amp; Replace</span> dialog. The use of wildcards enables the definition of more advanced search parameters with a single search string.</p>
  <p id="par_id391629156224638" class="paragraph" dir="auto">LibreOffice Calc supports either <span class="emph">wildcards</span> or <span class="emph">regular expressions</span> as arguments depending on the current application settings. By default LibreOffice Calc is set to support wildcards instead of regular expressions.</p>
  <div class="tip">
<div class="noteicon" dir="auto"><img src="media/icon-themes/res/helpimg/tip.svg" alt="tip" style="width:40px;height:40px;"></div>
<div class="notetext"><p id="par_id551629156504794" dir="auto">To make sure wildcards are supported, go to <span id="swlnsyscalc_wildcards_1" class="switchinline"><span hidden="true" id="MACcalc_wildcards_1" class="MAC"><span class="menuitem">LibreOffice - Preferences - LibreOffice Calc - Calculate</span></span><span hidden="true" id="defaultcalc_wildcards_1"><span class="menuitem">Tools - Options - LibreOffice Calc - Calculate</span></span></span> and check if the option <span class="emph">Enable wildcards in formulas</span> is selected. Note that you can use this dialog to switch to regular expressions by choosing <span class="emph">Enable regular expressions in formulas</span> or choose to support neither wildcards nor regular expressions.</p></div>
</div>
<br>
  <p id="par_id141629156913731" class="paragraph" dir="auto">Se admiten los comodines siguientes:</p>
  <table border="1" class="" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
    <tr>
      <th rowspan="" colspan="" class="tableheadcell" dir="auto">
        <p id="par_id801629209195110" class="tableheadintable" dir="auto">Comodín</p>
      </th>
      <th rowspan="" colspan="" class="tableheadcell" dir="auto">
        <p id="par_id861629209212608" class="tableheadintable" dir="auto">Descripción</p>
      </th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td rowspan="" colspan="" dir="auto">
        <p id="par_id591629209073388" class="tablecontentintable" dir="auto"><span class="emph">? (signo de interrogación)</span></p>
      </td>
      <td rowspan="" colspan="" dir="auto">
        <p id="par_id31629209073388" class="tablecontentintable" dir="auto">Matches any single character. For example, the search string "b?g" matches “bag” and “beg” but will not match "boog" or "mug".</p>
        <p id="par_id121629209114452" class="tablecontentintable" dir="auto">Note that it will not match "bg" as well, since "?" must match exactly <span class="emph">one</span> character. The "?" wildcard does not correspond to a zero-character match.</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td rowspan="" colspan="" dir="auto">
        <p id="par_id981629209073388" class="tablecontentintable" dir="auto"><span class="emph">* (asterisco)</span></p>
      </td>
      <td rowspan="" colspan="" dir="auto">
        <p id="par_id51629209073388" class="tablecontentintable" dir="auto">Matches any sequence of characters, including an empty string. For example, the search string "*cast" will match “cast”, “forecast”, and “outcast”, but will not match "forecaster" using default LibreOffice settings.</p>
        <p id="par_id351629209153307" class="tablecontentintable" dir="auto">If the option <span class="menuitem">Search criteria = and &lt;&gt; must apply to whole cells</span> is disabled in <span id="swlnsyscalc_wildcards_2" class="switchinline"><span hidden="true" id="MACcalc_wildcards_2" class="MAC"><span class="menuitem">LibreOffice - Preferences - LibreOffice Calc - Calculate</span></span><span hidden="true" id="defaultcalc_wildcards_2"><span class="menuitem">Tools - Options - LibreOffice Calc - Calculate</span></span></span>, then "forecaster" will be a match using the "*cast" search string.</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td rowspan="" colspan="" dir="auto">
        <p id="par_id181629209277556" class="tablecontentintable" dir="auto"><span class="emph">~ (virgulilla)</span></p>
      </td>
      <td rowspan="" colspan="" dir="auto">
        <p id="par_id881629209280877" class="tablecontentintable" dir="auto">Escapes the special meaning of a question mark, asterisk, or tilde character that follows immediately after the tilde character.</p>
        <p id="par_id861629209431020" class="tablecontentintable" dir="auto">For example, the search string "why~?" matches “why?” but will not match  "whys" nor "why~s".</p>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </table>
<br>
  <div class="tip">
<div class="noteicon" dir="auto"><img src="media/icon-themes/res/helpimg/tip.svg" alt="tip" style="width:40px;height:40px;"></div>
<div class="notetext"><p id="par_id1001629157561261" dir="auto">Los comodines pueden utilizarse tanto en LibreOffice Calc como en Microsoft Excel. Por esta razón, si necesita interoperatividad entre ambas aplicaciones, opte por los comodines y no por las expresiones regulares. Por el contrario, si la interoperatividad no es necesaria, considere utilizar expresiones regulares para obtener prestaciones de búsqueda más avanzadas.</p></div>
</div>
<br>
  <h2 id="hd_id671629158766165" dir="auto">Funciones de hoja de cálculo admitidas</h2>
  <p id="par_id161629158785887" class="paragraph" dir="auto">Las funciones de hoja de cálculo siguientes admiten comodines:</p>
  <ul itemprop="Unordered" itemscope="true" itemtype="http://schema.org/ItemList" dir="auto">
    <li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="true" itemtype="http://schema.org/ItemListUnordered" dir="auto">
      <p id="par_id441629158810517" class="listitem" dir="auto"><span class="emph">Database functions:</span> DAVERAGE, DCOUNT, DCOUNTA, DGET, DMAX, DMIN, DPRODUCT, DSTDEV, DSTDEVP, DSUM, DVAR and DVARP.</p>
    </li>
    <li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="true" itemtype="http://schema.org/ItemListUnordered" dir="auto">
      <p id="par_id321629158810916" class="listitem" dir="auto"><span class="emph">Conditional functions:</span> AVERAGEIF, AVERAGEIFS, COUNTIF, COUNTIFS, MAXIFS, MINIFS, SUMIF and SUMIFS.</p>
    </li>
    <li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="true" itemtype="http://schema.org/ItemListUnordered" dir="auto">
      <p id="par_id941629158811325" class="listitem" dir="auto"><span class="emph">Funciones de búsqueda</span>: BUSCARX, BUSCARH, BUSCAR y BUSCARV</p>
    </li>
    <li itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope="true" itemtype="http://schema.org/ItemListUnordered" dir="auto">
      <p id="par_id41629158919808" class="listitem" dir="auto"><span class="emph">Otras funciones</span>: COINCIDIRX, COINCIDIR y HALLAR.</p>
    </li>
  </ul>
  <h2 id="hd_id701629159564269" dir="auto">Ejemplos de comodines en fórmulas</h2>
  <p id="par_id121629289062103" class="paragraph" dir="auto">The following examples consider that the options <span class="menuitem">Enable wildcards in formulas</span>  and <span class="menuitem">Search criteria = and &lt;&gt; must apply to whole cells</span> are enabled in <span id="swlnsyscalc_wildcards_3" class="switchinline"><span hidden="true" id="MACcalc_wildcards_3" class="MAC"><span class="menuitem">LibreOffice - Preferences - LibreOffice Calc - Calculate</span></span><span hidden="true" id="defaultcalc_wildcards_3"><span class="menuitem">Tools - Options - LibreOffice Calc - Calculate</span></span></span>.</p>
  <p id="par_id271629159111490" class="paragraph" dir="auto"><span class="input" data-tooltip="Pulse en el texto para copiarlo en el portapapeles">=COUNTIF(A1:A10;"Chi*")</span> counts the number of cells in the range <span class="emph">A1:A10</span> containing strings that start with "Chi" followed by zero or more characters.</p>
  <p id="par_id741629159343415" class="paragraph" dir="auto"><span class="input" data-tooltip="Pulse en el texto para copiarlo en el portapapeles">=SUMIF(A1:A5;"A??";B1:B5)</span> sums the values in <span class="emph">B1:B5</span> whose corresponding values in <span class="emph">A1:A5</span> start with "A" followed by exactly two other characters.</p>
  <div class="note">
<div class="noteicon" dir="auto"><img src="media/icon-themes/res/helpimg/note.svg" alt="note" style="width:40px;height:40px;"></div>
<div class="notetext"><p id="par_id141629159465592" dir="auto">Las comparaciones mediante comodines <span class="emph">no</span> distinguen mayúsculas y minúsculas, por lo cual «A?» encontrará tanto «A1» como «a1».</p></div>
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